Where does this demographic data come from?

All demographic data comes from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year Estimates, which samples about 3.5 million households annually. The 5-year estimates provide the most reliable data for small geographies like municipalities.

What is the difference between Census data and ACS data?

The decennial Census (conducted every 10 years) is a full population count focusing on basic demographics. The ACS is an ongoing survey that collects detailed data on income, education, housing, commute patterns, and more. ACS data is updated annually but represents averages over a 5-year period.

How accurate is this data for small towns?

For smaller municipalities, ACS estimates have wider margins of error because fewer residents are sampled. The 5-year estimates reduce this uncertainty by averaging over a longer period. For towns under 5,000 people, treat specific numbers as approximations rather than precise counts.

Oakland, CA Population, Income & Demographics 2026

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Demographics — 2024 ACS 5-Year Estimatesi

Census

Populationi

439,418

Median Agei

37.9

Race & Ethnicityi

Hispanic/Latino

28.7%126,186

White

27.8%122,006

Black

19.7%86,626

Asian

15.7%68,848

Two or More

6.6%28,854

Other

0.9%3,844

Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander

0.4%1,881

American Indian/Alaska Native

0.3%1,173

Educational Attainment (Age 25+)i

GED/Alternative

1.6%5,326

High School Diploma

13.9%45,195

Some College (<1 yr)

3.9%12,773

Some College (1+ yr)

11.2%36,394

Associate's Degree

5.5%17,772

Bachelor's Degree

26.7%87,111

Master's Degree

14.9%48,420

Professional Degree

3.9%12,848

Doctorate

3.2%10,478

HS or Higher

84.8%

BA or Higher

48.7%

Graduate+

22%

Housingi

Median Home Valuei

$929,900

Median Renti

$1,979

Tenure

Owner-Occupied

42.3%74,753

Renter-Occupied

57.7%101,831

Total Units

191,713

Homeownership

42.3%

Vacancy Rate

7.9%

Home Values

Under $50K

1.2%883

$50K–$100K

0.7%546

$100K–$150K

0.5%357

$150K–$200K

0.6%429

$200K–$300K

1.5%1,103

$300K–$500K

8%5,951

$500K–$1M

43.6%32,617

$1M+

44%32,867

Rent Distribution

Under $500

8,241

$500–$750

3,510

$750–$1,000

4,622

$1,000–$1,250

5,960

$1,250–$1,500

7,361

$1,500–$2,000

20,682

$2,000+

48,640

Year Built

2020 or later

1.5%2,798

2010–2019

5.9%11,406

2000–2009

5.7%10,886

1990–1999

4.9%9,462

1980–1989

5.3%10,112

1970–1979

10%19,210

1960–1969

10%19,143

1950–1959

10.1%19,338

1940–1949

9.5%18,124

1939 or earlier

37.2%71,234

Heating Fuel

Utility Gas

61.2%107,986

Electricity

32%56,433

No Fuel

3.8%6,756

Bottled/LP Gas

1.8%3,114

Solar

0.5%941

Other

0.4%675

Wood

0.2%437

Fuel Oil

0.1%226

Coal

0%16

Economyi

Median Household Incomei

$101,600

Mean Household Incomei

$149,718

Per Capita Incomei

$61,757

Poverty Ratei

13.3%

Unemploymenti

6.4%

Labor Forcei

251,336

Household Income Distribution

Under $10K

5.4%9,505

$10K–$15K

4.3%7,670

$15K–$20K

2.6%4,509

$20K–$25K

3.2%5,716

$25K–$30K

2.4%4,236

$30K–$35K

2.5%4,426

$35K–$40K

2.6%4,601

$40K–$45K

2.5%4,384

$45K–$50K

2.4%4,165

$50K–$60K

4.8%8,399

$60K–$75K

6.8%12,009

$75K–$100K

10%17,691

$100K–$125K

8.6%15,239

$125K–$150K

6.9%12,203

$150K–$200K

10.8%19,041

$200K+

24.2%42,790

Federally Subsidized Housingi

HUD

The federal government helps low-income families, seniors, and people with disabilities afford housing through several programs. Residents typically pay about 30% of their income toward rent, with the government covering the rest. This data shows how many households in this community receive that assistance.

Subsidized Homesi

19,859

Residentsi

33,495

Avg. Tenant Renti

$600/mo

Avg. Waitlisti

3 months

Programs in this community

Public Housing1,330 homes89% occupied$583/mo rent

Government-owned housing managed by local housing authorities

Housing Choice Vouchers9,624 homes82% occupied$672/mo rent

Rental vouchers (Section 8) that help tenants pay for private-market housing

Mod Rehab94 homes78% occupied$219/mo rent

Rehabilitated buildings with project-based rental assistance

Project Based Section 83,809 homes96% occupied$453/mo rent

Privately owned apartments with rent subsidies tied to the building

202/PRAC321 homes98% occupied$410/mo rent

811/PRAC75 homes93% occupied$444/mo rent

Household Incomei

Based on area median of $101,600/yr

Extremely low incomeUnder $30K/yr

86.5%

Very low income$30K–$51K/yr

9.5%

Low income$51K–$81K/yr

3.8%

Moderate / aboveOver $81K/yr

0.2%

Who Receives This Housing

68.2% of subsidized households are headed by a single mother

94.3% of subsidized households are minority

23.4% of subsidized households include someone with a disability

54.3% of subsidized households include a senior (62+)

Ancestry & Heritage

Self-reported ancestry groups. Residents may report multiple ancestries, so totals may exceed 100%.

Foreign-Born Populationi

Foreign-Borni

120,82927.5%

By Region

Top Countries

Mexico

31,481

China

15,126

Guatemala

10,749

Philippines

4,494

India

2,900

Korea

1,717

United Kingdom

1,572

Canada

1,190

Commute & Transportationi

Workersi

229,529

Avg. Commutei

29.8 min

How People Get to Work

Travel Time to Work

Workforce

Total Employed

234,902

Occupations

Industries

Social Characteristicsi

Marital Status (15+)i

Veteransi

10,186(2.9% of civilian adults)

Health Insurancei

94.4%Insured

5.6%Uninsured

Oakland, CA Population, Income & Demographics 2026