Where does this demographic data come from?

All demographic data comes from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year Estimates, which samples about 3.5 million households annually. The 5-year estimates provide the most reliable data for small geographies like municipalities.

What is the difference between Census data and ACS data?

The decennial Census (conducted every 10 years) is a full population count focusing on basic demographics. The ACS is an ongoing survey that collects detailed data on income, education, housing, commute patterns, and more. ACS data is updated annually but represents averages over a 5-year period.

How accurate is this data for small towns?

For smaller municipalities, ACS estimates have wider margins of error because fewer residents are sampled. The 5-year estimates reduce this uncertainty by averaging over a longer period. For towns under 5,000 people, treat specific numbers as approximations rather than precise counts.

Dayton, OH

CSADayton-Springfield-Kettering MSADayton-Kettering-Beavercreek#1/41 Population

Census

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Demographicsi2024 ACS 5-Year EstimatesCensus

136,579population

34.1median age

This community is a community of 136,579 with a median age of 34.1. The population is predominantly White (49.9%) with a significant Black community (37.6%). Median household income is $45,247. 88.2% of adults hold a high school diploma or higher, and 21.6% have a bachelor's degree. The homeownership rate is 48.4%, with a median home value of $100,600.

Race & Ethnicityi

White

49.9%68,193

Black

37.6%51,305

Hispanic/Latino

5.7%7,759

Two or More

4.8%6,617

Asian

1.3%1,822

Other

0.5%714

American Indian/Alaska Native

0.1%130

Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander

0%39

Educational Attainment (Age 25+)i

GED/Alternative

5.4%4,755

High School Diploma

26.6%23,288

Some College (<1 yr)

8.7%7,617

Some College (1+ yr)

17.1%14,947

Associate's Degree

8.9%7,761

Bachelor's Degree

13.6%11,910

Master's Degree

6.1%5,385

Professional Degree

1.1%929

Doctorate

0.8%726

HS or Higher

88.2%

BA or Higher

21.6%

Graduate+

Housingi

$100,600median home value

$918median rent

48.4%homeownership

70,335total units

16.9%vacancy

Tenure

Owner 48.4%

Renter 51.6%

Home Values

Under $50K

16.8%4,748

$50K–$100K

33%9,327

$100K–$150K

20.2%5,722

$150K–$200K

12.2%3,439

$200K–$300K

12.8%3,608

$300K–$500K

4.5%1,277

$500K–$1M

0.4%121

$1M+

0.2%53

Rent Distribution

Under $500

3,885

$500–$750

5,312

$750–$1,000

7,896

$1,000–$1,250

7,046

$1,250–$1,500

2,608

$1,500–$2,000

1,702

$2,000+

607

Year Built

2020 or later

0.4%253

2010–2019

3%2,118

2000–2009

3.9%2,758

1990–1999

3.5%2,430

1980–1989

3.8%2,686

1970–1979

9.6%6,783

1960–1969

11.1%7,819

1950–1959

16.3%11,443

1940–1949

11.7%8,201

1939 or earlier

36.7%25,844

Heating Fuel

Utility Gas

68.3%39,945

Electricity

28.2%16,497

Bottled/LP Gas

1.5%855

No Fuel

1.3%747

Other

0.3%194

Fuel Oil

0.3%193

Wood

0.1%30

Solar

0%16

Household Economyi

$45,247median household income

$27,444per capita income

24.6%poverty rate

8.9%unemployment

65,365labor force

Household Income Distribution

Under $10K

10%5,868

$10K–$15K

8.5%4,972

$15K–$20K

5.6%3,280

$20K–$25K

5.9%3,457

$25K–$30K

4.9%2,862

$30K–$35K

5.3%3,096

$35K–$40K

5.1%2,965

$40K–$45K

4.4%2,596

$45K–$50K

5.1%2,994

$50K–$60K

6.8%3,953

$60K–$75K

10.9%6,390

$75K–$100K

10.2%5,991

$100K–$125K

6.2%3,645

$125K–$150K

3.4%1,968

$150K–$200K

4.2%2,471

$200K+

3.4%1,969

Federally Subsidized Housingi

HUD

The federal government helps low-income families, seniors, and people with disabilities afford housing through several programs. Residents typically pay about 30% of their income toward rent, with the government covering the rest. This data shows how many households in this community receive that assistance.

Subsidized Homesi

7,271

Residentsi

11,835

Avg. Tenant Renti

$307/mo

Avg. Waitlisti

11 months

Programs in this community

Public Housing1,686 homes82% occupied$298/mo rent

Government-owned housing managed by local housing authorities

Housing Choice Vouchers2,063 homes84% occupied$338/mo rent

Rental vouchers (Section 8) that help tenants pay for private-market housing

Project Based Section 82,768 homes89% occupied$287/mo rent

Privately owned apartments with rent subsidies tied to the building

202/PRAC94 homes93% occupied$389/mo rent

811/PRAC50 homes96% occupied$343/mo rent

Household Incomei

Based on area median of $45,247/yr

Extremely low incomeUnder $14K/yr

85.5%

Very low income$14K–$23K/yr

11.2%

Low income$23K–$36K/yr

Moderate / aboveOver $36K/yr

0.3%

Who Receives This Housing

69.6% of subsidized households are headed by a single mother

77.9% of subsidized households are minority

23.7% of subsidized households include someone with a disability

32.8% of subsidized households include a senior (62+)

Ancestry & Heritage

Self-reported ancestry groups. Residents may report multiple ancestries, so totals may exceed 100%.

Foreign-Born Populationi

Foreign-Borni

7,2905.3%

By Region

Top Countries

Mexico

933

India

500

Guatemala

427

Philippines

213

China

204

United Kingdom

136

Korea

Canada

Commute & Transportationi

Workersi

58,113

Avg. Commutei

20.3 min

How People Get to Work

Travel Time to Work

Workforce

Total Employed

59,049

Occupations

Industries

Social Characteristicsi

Marital Status (15+)i

Veteransi

7,961(7.4% of civilian adults)

Health Insurancei

91.8%Insured

8.2%Uninsured