Where does this demographic data come from?

All demographic data comes from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year Estimates, which samples about 3.5 million households annually. The 5-year estimates provide the most reliable data for small geographies like municipalities.

What is the difference between Census data and ACS data?

The decennial Census (conducted every 10 years) is a full population count focusing on basic demographics. The ACS is an ongoing survey that collects detailed data on income, education, housing, commute patterns, and more. ACS data is updated annually but represents averages over a 5-year period.

How accurate is this data for small towns?

For smaller municipalities, ACS estimates have wider margins of error because fewer residents are sampled. The 5-year estimates reduce this uncertainty by averaging over a longer period. For towns under 5,000 people, treat specific numbers as approximations rather than precise counts.

Northumberland, PA Population, Income & Demographics 2026

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Demographics — 2024 ACS 5-Year Estimatesi

Census

Populationi

3,866

Median Agei

Race & Ethnicityi

White

92.3%3,570

Two or More

3.7%142

Other

2.7%104

Hispanic/Latino

1%39

Black

0.3%11

Educational Attainment (Age 25+)i

GED/Alternative

5.9%166

High School Diploma

39.6%1,118

Some College (<1 yr)

7.2%202

Some College (1+ yr)

8.1%229

Associate's Degree

12.5%353

Bachelor's Degree

14.9%421

Master's Degree

5.5%154

Doctorate

1.7%47

HS or Higher

95.3%

BA or Higher

22%

Graduate+

7.1%

Housingi

Median Home Valuei

$162,600

Median Renti

$897

Tenure

Owner-Occupied

70.9%1,224

Renter-Occupied

29.1%502

Total Units

1,814

Homeownership

70.9%

Vacancy Rate

4.9%

Home Values

Under $50K

4.3%53

$50K–$100K

17.6%216

$100K–$150K

19%233

$150K–$200K

27%330

$200K–$300K

24.8%303

$300K–$500K

7.3%89

Rent Distribution

Under $500

$500–$750

148

$750–$1,000

112

$1,000–$1,250

158

$1,250–$1,500

$2,000+

Year Built

2010–2019

0.9%16

2000–2009

2%36

1990–1999

6.4%117

1980–1989

8%146

1970–1979

7.5%136

1960–1969

13.3%241

1950–1959

10.6%192

1940–1949

13.8%251

1939 or earlier

37.4%679

Heating Fuel

Utility Gas

49.6%856

Electricity

27.8%480

Fuel Oil

17.6%304

Wood

1.6%28

Bottled/LP Gas

1.3%23

Coal

1.1%19

No Fuel

0.9%16

Economyi

Median Household Incomei

$66,477

Mean Household Incomei

$75,392

Per Capita Incomei

$34,012

Poverty Ratei

16.9%

Unemploymenti

1.4%

Labor Forcei

2,108

Household Income Distribution

Under $10K

5.6%97

$10K–$15K

2.8%48

$15K–$20K

4.8%82

$20K–$25K

4.8%83

$25K–$30K

5.2%89

$30K–$35K

2.8%48

$35K–$40K

6.5%112

$40K–$45K

3.8%65

$45K–$50K

1.8%31

$50K–$60K

4.6%79

$60K–$75K

12.2%211

$75K–$100K

20.2%348

$100K–$125K

10.4%180

$125K–$150K

4.7%81

$150K–$200K

7.1%123

$200K+

2.8%49

Federally Subsidized Housingi

HUD

The federal government helps low-income families, seniors, and people with disabilities afford housing through several programs. Residents typically pay about 30% of their income toward rent, with the government covering the rest. This data shows how many households in this community receive that assistance.

Subsidized Homesi

Residentsi

Avg. Tenant Renti

$430/mo

Avg. Waitlisti

7 months

Programs in this community

Housing Choice Vouchers53 homes84% occupied$430/mo rent

Rental vouchers (Section 8) that help tenants pay for private-market housing

Household Incomei

Based on area median of $66,477/yr

Extremely low incomeUnder $20K/yr

36%

Very low income$20K–$33K/yr

62%

Low income$33K–$53K/yr

Who Receives This Housing

89% of subsidized households are headed by a single mother

7% of subsidized households are minority

13% of subsidized households include someone with a disability

75% of subsidized households include a senior (62+)

Ancestry & Heritage

Self-reported ancestry groups. Residents may report multiple ancestries, so totals may exceed 100%.

Foreign-Born Populationi

Foreign-Borni

300.8%

By Region

Top Countries

Germany

Mexico

Commute & Transportationi

Workersi

1,953

Avg. Commutei

27.1 min

How People Get to Work

Travel Time to Work

Workforce

Total Employed

2,078

Occupations

Industries

Social Characteristicsi

Marital Status (15+)i

Veteransi

146(4.8% of civilian adults)

Health Insurancei

94.1%Insured

5.9%Uninsured